Osteoporosis is not limited to women after menopause. It can also afflict men as well and is a hot issue. Men get osteoporotic fractures around ten years later in life than women, although men's life expectancy is growing at a quicker rate than that of women. Consequently, males are living longer than women, and when they do, the repercussions are more severe than those experienced by their female counterparts. The aim of our study was to determine the level of CX3CL1, Bone sialoprotein, Gelsolin, Cathepcin K, Vitamin D, Calcium, Phosphorous and Alkaline phosphatase in 100 patients (20 men and 80 women) and 50 as the control group (19 men and 31 women). The results showed that the serum level of CX3CL1, Gelsolin and Cathepcin K increased in female osteoporosis patients and no significant increase was observed in male osteoporosis patients compared with the control group. The results also showed a rise in serum levels of Bone sialoprotein and Alkaline phosphatase in male and female osteoporosis compared with the control group. Further, no significant difference in serum level (vitamin D, Calcium and Phsphorouse) in osteoporosis patientt, both male and female, compared with the control group. In conclusion, the Cathepcin K, Gelsolin and Bone sialoprotein play an essential role in bone metabolism and increase the level in osteoporosis patients.

Background: Metal ions effect on homeostasis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. The aim of this study was to assess the metal ions (Iron, Zinc and Copper) and CBC in patients with AD in comparison with normal range.Methods: The samples of study were 17 patients with AD in Tehran’s aging centers in 2015, selected as an access sample. Blood samples were analyzed in a pathobiology laboratory. Data were analyzed by one sample t-test.Results: According to the normal range, provided by laboratory, there is a significant difference between zinc in patients with AD and normal reference interval (a=0.01). The comparison of CBC of the AD patients with normal group showed also some decreases Conclusion: Zinc value in AD patients is significantly lower than normal range. It should be repeated by a larger sample size.

Objective: To evaluate the predictive value of some biochemical markers in the outcome of extremity vascular trauma.Methods: This study comprised 30 patients with traumatic arterial injury and acute limb ischemia referred to Namazi hospital affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Ssciences, over a period of 8 months, from Sep 2009 to Jul 2010. Venous blood samples were drawn from distal ischemic limb to determine pH, HCO3, PCO2, PO2, Na and K before definitive surgical intervention. Comparable samples were also obtained from veins of non-ischemic upper extremities. The biochemical assays were compared after monitoring the revasculurized limbs and evaluation of viability during a period of 7 days.Results: The mean age of the patients was 28.3 ± 7.8 (range: 18–56) years. Two (6.6%) patients underwent amputation because of developing irreversible limb ischemia after vascular reconstruction. Both patients had blunt traumatic knee injury accompanied by nerve, vein and soft tissue damage. The statistical analysis showed correlations between parameters, except for Na of local (ischemic limb) and systemic samples. In this context, the highest correlation was observed in regard to HCO3.Conclusion: The correlation was most pronounced with respect to HCO3. Ischemic limbs exhibited reduction in pH and PO but, PCO2 and K increased after ischemia of injured limbs. PO2 reflects tissue perfusion and is of value in predicting the outcome. We believe that blunt trauma and associated nerve, vein and soft tissue injuries pose negative prognostic effects on limb survival postoperatively.